Pakistan's Water Scarcity Crisis: Causes, Impact and Solutions

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Water Scarcity: 

In simple words, water scarcity is described as a lack of or depleted supply of freshwater resources that can no longer meet a region's typical water demand.

Humans on the planet are facing a water scarcity dilemma. Human activities are completely to blame for the emergence of this issue. Naturally, certain locations are water-scarce, while others have plentiful freshwater supplies. However, as the world's population grows, so does the demand for freshwater.

Pakistan is facing a water scarcity crisis.

Along with many other environmental concerns, Pakistan's water scarcity situation is the most pressing issue that cannot or must not be overlooked. A large section of the population in the country lacks access to freshwater resources. People in Sindh and Balochistan are suffering from severe water shortages. The press frequently reports that the government will build desalination facilities to meet water demand, particularly in arid areas, however the administration's stated intentions have yet to be implemented.


 

IN PAKISTAN, THE CAUSES OF WATER SCARCITY

The causes of Pakistan's water scarcity situation are listed below. 

1. Climate Change: Climate change is putting a strain on Pakistan's freshwater supplies. Extreme weather events are causing water scarcity in the country.
2. Inadequate Water Management: Pakistan lacks effective water management procedures. One example is the ancient conventional irrigation system.
3. Depleting Aquifers: Due to the tremendous demand for water, subsurface aquifers are not being replenished.
4. Pollution of freshwater resources such as rivers, canals, and streams: Industries pollute local freshwater resources such as rivers, canals, and streams. Unchecked industrial drainage is poisoning freshwater resources.

IN PAKISTAN, THE EFFECTS OF WATER SCARCITY

Water scarcity causes a slew of additional issues. The following are some of the consequences of Pakistan's water scarcity situation.

1. Drinking Water Shortage: Water scarcity will result in a lack of drinking water. Many individuals in the country are unable to obtain safe drinking water. [Also see The Projected Future of Pakistan's Water Scarcity Crisis]

2. Lower Agricultural Yield: Pakistan's high crop production has already been harmed by the country's water constraint. Crop yields that are lower result in economic instability and food insecurity.

 

3. Metropolitan Sprawl: Due to a lack of freshwater resources, people are flocking to urban regions to take advantage of the services available.

4. Wetland Loss: Water scarcity is also hazardous to the environment's long-term sustainability. Wetlands are lost as a result of water scarcity.

5. Inadequate Sanitation: Due to water scarcity difficulties, people do not have adequate sanitation facilities, and health problems associated to water-borne infections are frequent.

SOLUTIONS TO PAKISTAN'S WATER SCARCITY CRISIS

The remedies to Pakistan's water scarcity crisis are outlined below.

1. Improved Irrigation System: There is a critical need to improve and implement new irrigation technologies.

2. Water Reserves: Water can only be conserved by building water reserves such as dams, canals, and other similar structures.

3. Public Awareness through Save Water Campaigns: Through "save water campaigns," the public should be made aware of the water scarcity situation.

4. Rainwater Harvesting: One of the alternatives for water saving is a rainwater harvesting system.

5. Water Management/Water Conservation: Water conservation might be a recommended solution to the water scarcity situation if appropriate water management policies are in place.








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